When running a CI job you may need to use some SAP tools. For instance, the MTA builder or Neo tools. Many CI servers include integration to build tools or plugins are provided by the community or vender. Jenkins offers plugins for Maven, Ant or Node that let you easily integrate these into a CI jobs. If you have a CI job for SAP, it is your task to make the necessary tools available. There are not many plugins for SAP available for Jenkins.
Some tools you may need can be found on SAP’s tool site. For instance, the MTA builder. A simple JAR file that is available for download and needed in case you are working with MTA apps.
Before you can download the JAR file, you need to agree to the EUL.
This means that you cannot download the JAR using cli:
Running the above wget command will not download the tool, but a web site. Some may know that this is very close to how Oracle protected it’s Java download. And the “solution” here is the same: send the right cookie via wget.
I have a git repository on SCP that I want to clone using git on my laptop. I thought this should be easy to do. The source code of my project is available in the git repo at SCP. Cloning the repo using git clone from this URL should work.
The clone fails with “service not enabled.” Looking at SAP’s documentation, this should not have happened. Here SAP Cloud Platform documentation for the git service differs from reality.
I did a), and b) did not apply, as I wasn’t asked for my SCN user ID nor password. SAP’s git troubleshooting guide contains a section about the error message. Good to know that there is a possible solution, but I already did already what the proposed solution to the error is:
„Ensure that you have the correct repository URL. Copy it from the Source Location section of the repository’s details page in the SAP Cloud Platform cockpit.“
As it is possible to access the repository in SAP Web IDE, it should also be possible to access it from outside SCP. I know that the git repository is protected. Maybe the requests from git cli is blocked by SCP? After all, I was not asked to authenticate. Maybe I can force SCP to ask me for my password? Changing the URL to include my SCN user ID did just that: I was asked to provide my password.
SCP is now asking for my password and – magic happening – the git service is now accessible and the repo can be cloned. Would be nice if the git service would ask me to authenticate instead of failing directly.
When you first start Docker, the size of this image is around 1.4GB. Adding containers, image, etc and it will grow to 64GB.
The 64GB default size can be seen when using qemu-img info:
qemu-img info ~/Library/Containers/com.docker.docker/Data/com.docker.driver.amd64-linux/Docker.qcow2
When this limit is reached, Docker should automatically increase the size of the image, but this isn’t working always. As a result, when the image is at 64 GB, you can get an error message stating that the device is full:
no space left on device
At least with my Dockerfile for SAP NetWeaver ABAP Developer Edition Docker is not increasing the image file dynamically. Because of this I had to split the automatic installation process in two parts: base image setup and installation. I guess that right now the SAP Installation is filling up space faster than Docker can react.
The Docker.qcow2 file is a VM disk. Therefore, it is possible to manipulate it like any other virtual disk: you can increase the disk size and access files within the VM disk when you mount the image in a VM. An easy solution to change the disk size Docker has available to store images and containers is to increase the disk size. This can be done by using Qemu and GParted.
Preparations
Locate qcow2 on your Computer
Click on open in finder. Finder opens at the specified location.
Starting the virtual machine will take some time. Be patient. Next you’ll have to configure the GParted ISO image.
The default values should be enough. This gives you a keyboard, mouse, English and X. After that, Gparted is started and you should see the Docker.qcow2 disk in the Gparted app.
Select the disk and click on Resize / Move. In the new size (MiB) field, enter the new size of the disk you need. The disk size is allocated dynamically and won’t occupy immediately space on your physical disk. So don’t be shy. Assign all free space to the partition.
Click on Resize/Move and on the Apply button
Last chance to stop. But as you need the new free space for Docker, click again on Apply.
The partition will be resized. In case something goes wrong, please restore the backup of the Docker.qcow2 file you made previously.
After the operation finishes, you can see that the partition is now offering 164GB.
Shutdown the VM. As the Docker.cqow2 file changed was the original one used by Docker, you have only to restart Docker to benefit from the new image size. Now you can use Docker to run SAP NetWeaver ABAP with just one command. As the Docker.qcow2 file is empty, even when the image size is reported as 4 GB, compressed (zipped) it’s just a few MB.
With the new Docker disk file you can even start SAP NetWeaver ABAP without getting the “no space left on device” message.
Image creation works. The space occupied by just the SAP NetWeaver ABAP image is already at 65 GB.
Start a container
docker run -P -h vhcalnplci --name nwabap751 -it nwabap:latest /bin/bash
In Kitematic
Start UUIDD
/usr/sbin/uuidd
Change to user npladm
su - npladm
startsap
Problem with starting SAP
When you log in to your container and run startsap, the program will fail. It will report that no instance profiles were found.
startsap
Take a look at the available profiles.
ls -1 /sapmnt/NPL/profile/
During the installation, the installation script installed the profile files for the container with the dummy name 4f65[…], after starting the container, we specified a specific host name: vhcalnplci. Of course, these do not match and make sapstart fail.
Let’s adjust the instance profile configuration.
Rename files
Substitute references to old hostname to correct one vhcalnplci
UUID is a good old problem when it comes to running SAP NetWeaver on Linux / SuSE. You have a problem when you log in to your SAP system and get an error message. The error message shows the root cause and solution: “The UUID daemon (uuidd) is not active (code 59999). Check SAP note 1391070.”
Solution
SAP NetWeaver isn’t meant to run in Docker. When the software was designed, Docker or event containerization wasn’t around (maybe SUN). NetWeaver assumes that it is executed inside a real Linux. And the Docker version of OpenSuSE isn’t 100% a real Linux. A lot of services you get “automatically” when installing OpenSuSE are not available. One of those is that the init.d system is not starting services. Because of this, there is no UUID daemon running.
Make sure that the UUIDD service is running. For a normal Linux distribution, I blogged about this at a previous blog of mine. In case you are using Docker with OpenSuSE, make sure that uuidd is installed and executed during the image creation:
Installation
RUN zypper --non-interactive install --replacefiles uuidd
Execution
RUN mkdir /run/uuidd && chown uuidd /var/run/uuidd && /usr/sbin/uuidd
Result
With the UUIDD running, the logon to SAP NetWEeaver ABAP is working. No restart of NetWeaver is needed.
Give a name for the connection and click on tab Advanced. I use NPL Docker. Activate expert mode and give the correct connection String. Check to which port the message server port is mapped to by Docker. Inside the container, the port is 3200, and in my case, the external port is 32771. Therefore, the connection String is:
Connection String: conn=/H/localhost/S/32771
Note: the port information is specified when you start the container. As an alternative, you can use Kitematic to see the port mapping.
Save and connect to NetWeaver.
The users and passwords can be found in the readme.html of the extracted SAP NW ABAP 751 download. Standard users are SAP* and Developer.
For this to work, first activate the ping service in SICF.
When you get the response “Server reached.” you can start using the HTTP access.
SAP WebGui
For general WebGui activation, you can see my previous blog “Activation of SAP WebGui”. Here is a short version of this guide. As in the previous HTTP service access, the same procedure must be followed to have access to NPL via WebGui.
Activate the service webgui
To activate the SAP WebGui service, activate the node:
/sap/bc/gui/sap/its/webgui
Activation of public resources
You also need to activate the public service that contains the HTML files (JS, etc):
/sap/public/bc/its
Note
It is not sufficient to only activate the webgui node. The app is using additional resources that are available under /sap/public/bc/its. If this node is not activated, you’ll get an error message when logging in to webgui.
Therefore, for SAP WebGui to load the node /sap/public/bc/its must be activated too.
Activate the node its and its subnodes. Select Activate Service.
The difference is that in Gregor’s version you download the NW ABAP installation files and when the container is build, you go manually through the installation. My Dockerfile assumes that you have downloaded the NW 7.51 ABAP installation files already and will automate the installation. Once you have downloaded the installation files from SAP you can make them locally available and create new Docker images / containers based on these, without having to download almost 16 GB again. And the installation script will run without prompting for user input.
Another differentiation is that you can “easily” change the Dockerfile to install NetWeaver 7.50 of the developer edition.
Pre-requisites
To be able to run the Dockerfile, you need
Docker installed
Downloaded and extracted installation files of SAP NW ABAP Developer Edition
Internet connection
Installation
1 Get the Dockerfile
From my GitHub repository, you can find a Dockerfile that helps you to create a Docker image and container that will install your downloaded NetWeaver version. All you need is the Dockerfile, so a simple download is sufficient. You can also download the file by cloning the GitHub repository: https://github.com/tobiashofmann/sap-nw-abap-docker
Un-compress them into a folder named NW751. The folder must be at the same location where your Dockerfile is.
Build the Docker image
Build the Docker image
Command:
docker build -t nwabap .
Sample output
After the build is finished, the last line you should see is
Successfully tagged nwabap:latest
To see the ID and name of the newly created image, run the following command:
docker images
Sample output
The command lists the ID, tag and size of the image. As you can see, it’s a 15 GB Docker image. Using this image, you can start a container and install NW ABAP 7.51 DE inside the container.
Create container from image
You can now create a container from the image. You’ll have to connect to the container and run the installation script run.sh. The file was created during docker build. It will run SAP’s install.sh and fill in the input automatically.
docker run -P -h vhcalnplci --name nwabap751 -it nwabap:latest /bin/bash
This will start the container and log you in. What you’ll get is the bash shell.
bash-4.3#
In case you have Kitematic installed, you can see the running container listed.
The container configuration for the ports is also visible there. The ports are automatically mapped by Docker. The message server port 3200 is accessible through localhost:32771, and the HTTP port 8000 through localhost:32769. This mapping can be changed either inside Kitematic or when the container is started on the command shell.
Run ls to see the content of the current directory. You can see the install.sh file from SAP (feel free to start the installation manually) and the run.sh script that will automate the installation.
Start installation
Run the script run.sh to install SAP NetWeaver ABAP 7.51. The script will enter all information requested by install.sh automatically. The installation will take some time, +/- 20 minutes.
./run.sh
Sample output
[…]
[…]
The installation worked when the script ends and you can see the output:
SAP Web Dispatcher is an important component in a SAP landscape. While have been treated as optional for many years and found mainly in SAP Portal scenarios, with the increase adoption of Fiori, having a reverse proxy in the landscape is becoming pre-requisite. While it’s possible to choose from a wide range of alternatives of servers for a reverse proxy, SAP`s Web Dispatcher is normally always the best fit in a SAP landscape. A question that sometimes arises is how to install Web Dispatcher.
First you settle on what version of Web Dispatcher (WD) to install. SAP Note 908097 states that you should go for the latest version. “Version 7.49 is the recommended SAP Web Dispatcher version for all backend systems.”
The actual installation gives you two options:
easy and
recommended.
The easy alternative is to simply un-sapcar the WD SAR file downloaded from Service Marketplace into a directory. To run WD, it`s then just to bootstrap it or run it with a given profile file. This installation method gives you a up and running WD in just one minute. The problem is that the files are all in one directory and not in the “official” directory structure of a normal SAP installation. But you get something like a portable WD installation: zip the directory and you can copy it to another server and can run WD from there.
The recommended alternative ensures that the WD is installed like a normal SAP product: all files follow the normal directory structure, etc. Installation is done using SWPM. Important when you are going to do some advanced configuration like PSE encryption, CryptoLib installation, etc. I`ll try to show how to install SAP Web Dispatcher the recommended way.
Download software
Download the needed software. It`s SWPM, Web Dispatcher, SAPCAR and HOSTAGENT.
SWPM
SAP Web Dispatcher 7.49 PL 112
SAPCAR 7.21
SAP Host Agent 7.21
Result
After you have downloaded all software, you have four files, summing up to almost 900 MB.
In a Unix environment, your WD system won`t have a graphical user interface and access to the system is given by SSH. This kind of environment can perfectly be emulated using Docker. Note: the SAR files need to be copied over to the target host.
Docker
There are several Linux images available for Docker. Let`s use Debian for this.
After running the Docker image, you have the files on the Linux system up and running, the Web Dispatcher and sapinst files available. Web Dispatcher is not yet installed. This is done by using sapinst. To run the installation, you`ll have to connect to sapinst using a different computer (most cases: your laptop). Let`s call the Docker container the target, and your computer the client.
Logon
I use Kitematic and to log on to my docker container, I just click on the EXEC button.
Logon to Docker container:
The log on from shell, the command is something like this:
To work properly, sapinst must be started as root. You then connect to it and log on. The logon is done by default with the user id running sapinst. Problem is that with the Docker images you do not know the root password. Same for environments where root access is only provided to a few or via sudo. You need to enable sapinst to run as root, but allow a different user (like <sid>adm) to log on. You achieve this by providing a parameter to sapinst informing the OS user allowed to log on remotely. The process is then:
Run sapinst as root (or sudo)
Connect to it informing a OS user (wddadm)
Sapinst Parameters
The needed parameter can be retrieved by letting sapinst show all available parameters. More information available in SAP Note 1745524 and at SAPinst central note.
./sapinst –p
Run sapinst in Docker
Provide the <sid>adm user as a property to sapinst.
Start sapinstgui and connect to the target server on port 21212.
./sapinstgui
Inform the host name or IP address. In my case, it is 192.168.0.16. The port is the default sapinst port 21212.
Accept the fingerprint. You can check the fingerprint with the one printed by sapinst on the target server to be extra sure you are connecting to the right server.
Authenticate. You`ll need to provide the user id and password of the user running sapinst on the target host. In my case, the user is wddadm with password whatever. This is defined in the Dockerfile when the user is created.
sapinst output in Docker:
Logon on using wddadm / whatever
After a successful logon, sapinst will start. Current setup is not supported by SAP. For a production case this is a no-go, for my personal use case this is totally acceptable.
Sapinst shows the list of installable software options available. Web Dispatcher can be found at the end of the list.
Selecting SAP Web Dispatcher will start the installation.
Inform the path on the target server where the SAR files for SAP Web Dispatcher and SAP Host Agent can be found.
The files were copied into the container during the execution of the Dockerfile. All files are located at /home/wddadm.
If all packages are found, validated and added as considered valid for the installation.
Debian in Docker for sure won`t pass all the pre-requirements check build into SWMP. You`ll get a warning message, but SWMP won`t stop the installation. Select No. Seems that inside Docker, checking for the available free space is not working correctly.
Web Dispatcher configuration
Bootstrapping
Don’t worry, the system must not be accessible, yet exist. It’s just informing the bootstrap parameters. In my case, I am using a system that is not available, and it worked. Just be aware that in case the backend system changes, or isn’t even a ABAP system, like SMP3, you need to configure the Web Dispatcher profile manually.
Confirmation
Installation
The last step is to start Web Dispatcher. You can follow this on the console log of sapinst on the target server
If all worked, you get a confirmation message and the installation finishes.
SAPinst on the client host ends and so does it on the target host.
Validate installation
This gives you the time to validate the installation and check if all files are correctly installed.
Users
A new user sapadm was created
Folders
Web Dispatcher is installed under /sapmnt and instance is found in folder /usr/sap
This is perfectly aligned with the default locations of a SAP instance, and way better than simply putting all files into the same folder when unzipping the SAR. Especially when you consider that you may have to open a CSS ticket to SAP in your production environment or have new consultants arriving that expect the files to be located at the default location.
SAP Host Agent
The host agent was started and is running.
Start and stop Web Dispatcher
Starting and stopping Web Dispatcher via stopsap and startsap is working
stopsap
startsap
Admin web interface
The admin port of Web Dispatcher is listening by default on port 44300.
SAPinst is used to install SAP software. You can run the installation with its graphical user interface (GUI) directly on the target host, or use a remote installation. Remote installation is normally used when the target host offers no GUI and all work is done via remote logon, like SSH. In such a setup, on the target host sapinst is started in server mode, and on the admin laptop, sapinst is started in with a GUI. The admin then connects to the target and executes the installation of SAP software remotely.
Error: java.net.InetAddress.getHostAddress
The setup to reproduce the error is to have sapinst running on a target host and listening on the default port 21212 and connecting to this instance using sapinstgui.
Setup target host
Start sapinst on the target host:
./sapinst -nogui
Setup client host
Start sapinst in GUI mode: ./sapinstgui Inform the target host (computername or IP)
Accept the fingerprint.
Error
Sapinstgui hangs and is not advancing to the next screen. The status bar shows that it`s connected:
On the target server, sapinst gives this error message:
java.lang.NullPointerException: while trying to invoke the method java.net.InetAddress.getHostAddress() of a null object loaded from field com.sap.sdt.util.misc.Uid.address of an object loaded from local variable 'this'
Solution
To solve this error, a configuration on the client computer is needed. While not obvious, the error is caused by a misconfiguration of the client DNS resolution. Easiest solution is to manually change the hosts file and to ensure that the client computer name is listed. To find out the computers host name, run hostname.
hostname
In my case, the host name is linux-01sn.
Example: wrong hosts file
The host name is not listed in the hosts file. To correct this, insert the hostname for instance to localhost.
Example: working hosts file
Test
To see if sapinstgui can now connect to the target server without error, restart sapinstgui. After connecting to sapinst server, you`ll get the authentication screen.
After installing Personas 3.0 SP4, you have to do some additional tasks in your system to really enjoy the power of Personas 3.0. These steps are outlined in the release note 2376426, as well in the note 2383296 and 2376427. Both SAP Note are going to be uploaded manually to my NetWeaver system, as I do not have a connection to SAP. You can follow the steps my other blog on how to do this.
Check that Personas 3 add-on and is already installed. SP04 is a support package, therefore SPAM is used to install it. SP4 needs SPAM with patch 63 in NetWeaver 7.5. Ensure to update first your SPAM to the right version. See my other blog on how to update SPAM. Before you can update, check that there are not objects locked in a transport request.
Update
Transaction: SPAM
Client: 000
User: user with right permissions
Check that SPAM status is green and no queue is defined.
Upload SAR file: Support Package -> Load packages -> From Front End
Decompress.
Check the uploaded package. Select new support package under directory and then display.
The status needs to be yellow (not yet imported) and the perquisite set 01 all must be green and ok.
Select the package and click on Queue to define a new queue.
This SP04 is not protected with a password.
Select No. This brings you back to SPAM main screen. The status is now yellow and next action is given as import queue.
Import queue. Go to: Support Package -> Import queue.
You can now go get a coffee or follow the status messages in the status bar.
At the end of the import, a dialog is shown. It should be a nice “success!!” dialog, I got this:
What happened is that I applied a Personas 3 note that changed some standard objects. The dialog is SAP’s polite reminder to check if I want to keep these changes or discard them and let Personas 3 SP03 overwrite them. I want to not keep them and let Personas 3 use its own repository objects, so I selected continue. At the end you’ll see a short walk through what you should do (analyse the stuff, etc), although this isn’t possible in my demo system, as I do not have a SAP Note connection – something needed to run the validation.
